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Dentists used silver-containing solutions for deep cavity disinfection before restoration. This review aims to identify the silver-containing solutions reported in the literature for deep cavity disinfection and summarize their ef...
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Dentists used silver-containing solutions for deep cavity disinfection before restoration. This review aims to identify the silver-containing solutions reported in the literature for deep cavity disinfection and summarize their effects on dental pulp. An extensive search was performed using the search words "(silver) AND (dental pulp OR pulp)" in ProQuest, PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science to identify English publications on silver-containing solutions for cavity conditioning. The pulpal response to the included silver-containing solutions was summarized. The initial search identified 4112 publications and 14 publications met the inclusion criteria. Silver fluoride, silver nitrate, silver diamine nitrate, silver diamine fluoride, and nano-silver fluoride were used in deep cavities for antimicrobial purposes. Indirect silver fluoride application induced pulp inflammation and reparative dentine in most cases, and pulp necrosis in some cases. Direct silver nitrate application caused blood clots and a wide inflammatory band in the pulp, whilst indirect silver nitrate application caused hypoplasia in shallow cavities and partial pulp necrosis in deep cavities. Direct silver diamine fluoride application induced pulp necrosis, while indirect silver diamine fluoride application induced a mild inflammatory response and reparative dentine formation. No evidence of the dental pulpal response to silver diamine nitrate or nano-silver fluoride was available in the literature.
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Purpose: To determine the effect of a dental curing light on the penetration depth of silver diamine fluoride (SDF), dentin hardness, and silver and fluoride ion precipitation into cavitated carious lesions. Methods: SDF was appli...
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Purpose: To determine the effect of a dental curing light on the penetration depth of silver diamine fluoride (SDF), dentin hardness, and silver and fluoride ion precipitation into cavitated carious lesions. Methods: SDF was applied on 16 primary incisors extracted due to caries extending into dentin. Teeth were divided into two groups: (1) control group, was not light-cured; and (2) test group, was light-cured. A scanning electron microscope, and OmniMet software were used to measure penetration depth, dentin hardness, and ion precipitation. Wilcoxon's ranksum test was used for statistical analysis. Results: All samples in both groups showed SDF penetration beyond the carious lesion and into sound dentin. The penetration depth into sound dentin was 70 μm further without the dental curing light it (PConclusions: Applying a dental curing light during silver diamine fluoride treatment of carious lesions induces more silver ion precipitation in infected dentin, increases its hardness, and, perhaps because more silver stays in the infected dentin, less SDF penetrates into sound dentin.
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Background. As silver diamine fluoride (SDF) gains popularity for caries arrest, the authors aimed to investigate the content of fluoride and silver in 38% SDF produced for the US market and its short-term stability.
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Background There has been renewed interest in the use of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) for the management of carious lesions in high-risk groups. Previous studies have found a difference in clinical efficacy among different concen...
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Background There has been renewed interest in the use of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) for the management of carious lesions in high-risk groups. Previous studies have found a difference in clinical efficacy among different concentrations of SDF and discrepancies between ionic concentrations of fluoride (F) and silver (Ag) in SDF preparations. The aim of this study was to measure the free F, Ag ion concentrations and pH of a variety of commercially available SDF preparations.
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Background: The staining associated with its caries arrest may be a deterrent for the use of Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF). This study aims to elucidate the concerns that inform parents' perceptions and acceptance of SDF as a trea...
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Background: The staining associated with its caries arrest may be a deterrent for the use of Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF). This study aims to elucidate the concerns that inform parents' perceptions and acceptance of SDF as a treatment option for their child. Study Design: We analyzed qualitative data obtained through an investigation in which parents attending a pediatric dental appointment participated in a survey, which included an open-ended question to evaluate their opinions about SDF staining. Thematic analysis of the comments, offered by the subsample of participants who replied to this question (n=43), yielded insights about perception of SDF therapy. Results: Most parents who provided comments were mothers (83.7%), college graduates (72.1%), primarily white (48.8%) or Hispanic (27.9%). Six themes emerged from the thematic analysis of the parents' responses: Esthetic Concerns, Psychosocial Concerns, SDF Treatment Process, Risks and Side Effects, Situational Benefits, and Dental Treatment Process. While many of the parents' comments are related to appearance, other topics that merit consideration when discussing SDF treatment were mentioned. Conclusions: Although parents are concerned about the esthetic impact of SDF, they understand the risks of alternative treatments and welcome information that will allow them to make an informed decision. Location of the cavities and visibility of the staining appear to heavily influence the decision to accept or reject this therapy.
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The aim of this in?vitro study was to assess the ability of silver nitrate solution, followed by sodium fluoride varnish, to arrest caries. Dentine slices were prepared and demineralised. Each slice was cut into three specimens fo...
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The aim of this in?vitro study was to assess the ability of silver nitrate solution, followed by sodium fluoride varnish, to arrest caries. Dentine slices were prepared and demineralised. Each slice was cut into three specimens for three groups (SF, SDF and W). Specimens of the SF group received topical application of 25% silver nitrate solution followed by 5% sodium fluoride varnish. The SDF group received topical application of 38% silver diamine fluoride solution (positive control). Specimens of the W group received deionised water (negative control). All specimens were subjected to pH cycling for 8?days. Dentine surface morphology, crystal characteristics, carious lesion depth and collagen matrix degradation were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray microtomography and spectrophotometry with a hydroxyproline assay. Scanning electron microscopy showed that dentine collagen was exposed in group W, but not in groups SF and SDF, while clusters of granular spherical grains were formed in groups SF and SDF. The mean lesion depths (±standard deviation) of groups SF, SDF and W were 128?±?19, 135?±?24 and 258?±?53?μm, respectively (SF, SDF?<?W; P?<?0.001). The X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that silver chloride was formed in groups SF and SDF. The concentration of hydroxyproline released from the dentine matrix was significantly lower in groups SF and SDF than in group W (P?<?0.05). The results of this in?vitro study indicate that the use of silver nitrate solution and sodium fluoride varnish is effective in inhibiting dentine demineralisation and dentine collagen degradation. ? 2017 FDI World Dental Federation.
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Purpose: To evaluate the remineralisation effect of an experimental nano silver fluoride (NSF) formulation using an in vitro remineralisation model, compared with silver diamine fluoride (SDF) and sodium fluoride varnish (NaF) in ...
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Purpose: To evaluate the remineralisation effect of an experimental nano silver fluoride (NSF) formulation using an in vitro remineralisation model, compared with silver diamine fluoride (SDF) and sodium fluoride varnish (NaF) in current clinical use. Materials and methods: 45 sound human third molars were sectioned in buccolingual and mesiodistal direction and 180 enamel specimens were divided into four groups (NSF; SDF; NaF; Control). Early caries-like lesions were artificially created. Remineralisation agents were applied with a microbrush for 2 min in NSF and SDF group; NaF varnish were applied in a thin layer and then all specimens were stored in a moist environment at 37°C for 24 h. Each group was subjected to a pH cycling model for 7 days. The Vickers microhardness values (VHN) of specimens were compared before treatment, after demineralisation and after remineralisation. In addition, scanning electron microscope (SEM) images were investigated to compare morphological changes on the surfaces. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for statistical analysis to compare the groups at p < 0.05.
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Objectives: To investigate the remineralising effect and bacterial growth inhibition of 38% silver diamine fluoride (SDF) solution and 5% sodium fluoride (NaF) varnish on artificial dentine caries lesions.
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Objectives This ex vivo study compared the physico-chemical structural differences between primary carious teeth biannually treated with silver diamine fluoride (SDF) and carious teeth without such treatment. Method Twelve carious...
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Objectives This ex vivo study compared the physico-chemical structural differences between primary carious teeth biannually treated with silver diamine fluoride (SDF) and carious teeth without such treatment. Method Twelve carious primary upper-central incisors were collected from 6-year-old children. Six teeth had arrested caries after 24-month biannual SDF applications and 6 had active caries when there was no topical fluoride treatment. The mineral density, elemental contents, surface morphology, and crystal characteristics were assessed by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results Micro-CT examination revealed a superficial opaque band approximately 150 μm on the arrested cavitated dentinal lesion. This band was limited in the active carious lesion. EDX examination detected a higher intensity of calcium and phosphate of 150 μm in the surface zone than in the inner zone, but this zone was restricted in the active cavitated dentinal lesion. SEM examination indicated that the collagens were protected from being exposed in the arrested cavitated dentinal lesion, but were exposed in the active cavitated dentinal lesion. TEM examination suggested that remineralised hydroxyapatites were well aligned in the arrested cavitated dentinal lesion, while those in the active cavitated dentinal lesion indicated a random apatite arrangement. Conclusions A highly remineralised zone rich in calcium and phosphate was found on the arrested cavitated dentinal lesion of primary teeth with an SDF application. The collagens were protected from being exposed in the arrested cavitated dentinal lesion. Clinical significance Clinical SDF application positively influences dentine remineralisation.
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